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Characterizing Samus Aran: Sexism or Just Bad Writing?
Bitmob
Wednesday, September 08, 2010
EDITOR'S NOTEfrom James DeRosa

The charges of sexism surrounding Metroid: Other M remind me of the controversy surrounding the 1992 film Basic Instinct. And Cameron's article reminds me of comedian Bill Hicks' take on that film. Once you've finished reading this piece, head over to YouTube and watch the bit. I checked, and it's there. Be warned, though: It's a little lewd.

Other M Samus

Let’s face it: Women in video games usually don't come off so well. On the rare occasions when the villain hasn't kidnapped them, developers portray them as either generically badass, generically sexy, or some combination of the two. Yes, exceptions exist, but all too often female game characters come across as written by and for 13-year-old boys.

Before any of us start feeling too morally superior for noticing the blindingly obvious, though, let’s think about men in games. When they’re not blank slates onto which the (presumably male) player projects his most juvenile power fantasies, developers portray them as either generically badass, generically cool, or some combination of the two. Yes, exceptions exist, but...well, you can see where this is going.
 
 
G4’s Abbie Heppe kicked off the most recent debate about sexism in games with her review of Metroid: Other M. The picture she paints of Samus Aran's transformation from empowered female to sexy-yet-vulnerable badass hardly sounds appealing. I've yet to play the title myself, so I can’t evaluate Heppe’s stronger assertions, but her argument sounds plausible enough that I started to question whether I still wanted to play it.
 
Still, the issue may not be so simple. The mere fact that writer Yoshio Sakamoto chose to introduce some psychological frailty to Samus’s personality is not in itself sexist. In fact, it’s a pretty good way to write a character that an audience can identify with, rather than project onto. It seems that most of what Heppe found objectionable in the game wouldn’t have been nearly as obnoxious had Samus not come across as an emotionless pillar of strength in her previous appearances.
 
Let’s not kid ourselves: For all her Batman-like competence, Samus has never been a particularly engaging character. She may inspire our respect, but she lacks the hook of Batman’s double life and the scars it has inflicted on him -- in other words, the things that make us care about the character rather than just respect him. It’s hardly misanthropic to portray Batman as just barely more sane than the criminals he fights, so why should it be misogynistic to have Samus show some weakness?
 
If Other M does, as Heppe says, portray Samus as “a submissive, child-like and self-doubting little girl,” that doesn't mean the members of the development team are necessarily a bunch of sexists. It's one possibility -- maybe even the strongest -- but it's also possible that Sakamoto used a bludgeon when all he needed was a scalpel. Trying to give Samus a personality is a good idea -- one that will inevitably involve exploring her flaws as well as her strengths. Of course, a male writer trying to explore a female character’s flaws can go very wrong very quickly if he isn’t up to the task. In short, maybe Sakamoto lacks sensitivity toward his characters rather than sensitivity toward women. Right or wrong, it’s worth considering.
 
I don’t have any particular interest in defending Sakamoto or Team Ninja against charges of sexism. But I do have an interest in seeing the writing in games improve, and I think that Samus’s characterization in Other M deserves consideration beyond the accusations of sexism -- even if the game merits those complaints. The portrayal of men in games may not be as demeaning as the portrayal of women all too often is, but that doesn’t imply that it’s particularly good. Other M’s treatment of Samus may well be a consciousness-raising moment, but that doesn't mean it can’t raise our consciousness about more than one issue.
I don’t have any particular interest in defending Sakamoto or Team Ninja against the sexism charges. But I do have an interest in seeing the writing in games improve, and I think that Samus’s characterization in Other M deserves consideration beyond accusations of sexism (even if those accusations are deserved). The portrayal of men in games may not be as demeaning as the portrayal of women all too often is, but that doesn’t mean that it’s very good. Other M’s treatment of Samus may well be a moment of consciousness raising, but there’s no reason it can’t raise our consciousness about more than one issue.Let’s face it: women in video games rarely come off well. On the rare occasions when they’re not getting kidnapped, they’re portrayed as either generically badass, generically sexy, or some combination of the two. Yes, there are exceptions, but all too often female game characters are written as if by and for thirteen year old boys.
 
Before any of us start feeling too morally superior for noticing the blindingly obvious, though, let’s think about men in games. When they’re not blank slates onto which the (presumably male) player is encouraged to project his most juvenile power fantasies, they’re portrayed as either generically badass, generically cool, or some combination of the two. Yes, there are exceptions, but...well, you can see where this is going.
 
G4’s Abbie Heppe kicked off the most recent debate about sexism in games in her review of Metroid: Other M. The picture she paints of the traditionally strong Samus Aran being turned into just another sexy badass (albeit one with occasional bouts of crippling psychological weakness) hardly sounds appealing. Of course, without having played the game I can’t evaluate Heppe’s stronger assertions, but her argument sounds plausible enough that I started to question whether I still wanted to play the game.
 
Still, the issue may not be so simple. The mere fact that Team Ninja chose to introduce some psychological frailty to Samus’s personality is not, in itself, sexist. In fact, it’s a pretty good way to write a character with which an audience can identify, rather than project onto. It seems that most of what Heppe found objectionable in the game wouldn’t have been objectionable had Samus not been portrayed as an emotionless pillar of strength in all of her previous appearances.
 
But let’s not kid ourselves: for all her Batman-like competence, Samus has never been a particularly engaging character. She may inspire our respect, but she lacks the hook of Batman’s double life and the scars it has inflicted on him—in other words, the things that make us care about the character rather than just respect him. It’s hardly misanthropic to portray Batman as just barely more sane than the criminals he fights, so why should it be misogynistic to have Samus show some weakness?
 
If Other M does, as Heppe says, portray Samus as “a submissive, child-like and self-doubting little girl,” I don’t think the only conclusion that can be drawn is that the team behind the game is composed of a bunch of sexists. I’ll grant that it’s one possibility. But another is that writer Yoshio Sakamoto (who, coincidentally, works for Nintendo and not Team Ninja) used a bludgeon when a scalpel was needed. Trying to give Samus a personality is a good idea, and one that will inevitably involve exploring her flaws as well as her strengths. Of course a male writer trying to explore a female character’s flaws can go wrong pretty quickly if the writer isn’t up to the task. In short, maybe Sakamoto lacks sensitivity to his characters rather than sensitivity to women. Right or wrong, it seems like a possibility that’s worth considering.
 
I don’t have any particular interest in defending Sakamoto or Team Ninja against the sexism charges. But I do have an interest in seeing the writing in games improve, and I think that Samus’s characterization in Other M deserves consideration beyond accusations of sexism (even if those accusations are deserved). The portrayal of men in games may not be as demeaning as the portrayal of women all too often is, but that doesn’t mean that it’s very good. Other M’s treatment of Samus may well be a moment of consciousness raising, but there’s no reason it can’t raise our consciousness about more than one issue.
 
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Comments (24)
N712711743_851007_3478
September 03, 2010

So...sexism in gaming, huh?

That's a touchy subject to tackle.  I can't take it from the perspective of a woman, but I have seen a lot of them playing games.  What I get from that is that most of them play social games and/or titles that have cartoony characters, etc.  They don't have a desire to live out fantasy via videogames.  But you know who does?  Guys. 

Developers make a lot of characters wish-fulfilling tools, whether it's the gun-toting macho guys or the big busted bimbo.  I can't say anything about the psychology around that thinking, but the end product is readily apparent in a lot of games.  It is, as you say, bad writing that's the problem.

It looks like we're trying to move beyond that, but like everything in life, there is growing pains.  I actually applaud Nintendo and Team Ninja for giving Samus Aran a touch of self-doubt and frailty.  It turns her into something more than "a lady in a spacesuit".  I can see where female games journalists are offended because it makes people percieve them as weak; but the fact of the matter is that Samus still goes out there and blows away hundreds of Space Marines with the best of 'em.

Eventually, as developers give characters more depth, we'll become more accepting of it.  Until then, we just have to keep wishing and hoping.

Robsavillo
September 03, 2010

The major difference between male and female characterizations in video games, though, is that developers create a wide range of representation for male characters, while they relegate only a few, gender-traditional roles to female characters. Certainly we have testosterone meatheads, but we also have dozens of dramatically different characterizations of men in games.

 

Samus was one of the few female characters to break out from these traditional roles, and to see Nintendo reign her in such an uninspired and stereotypical way is disheartening.

5211_100857553261324_100000112393199_12455_5449490_n
September 03, 2010

I miss the old days where you just played games and weren't subjected to tedious, overwrought storylines, just a little bit.  I don't miss not even knowing Samus was a woman.  Honest. ;p

 

To answer the original question: a little of both, though neither is going to stop me from eventually playing this game.  I bet I can tune out the annoying parts and look at the game as a whole, which I'm sure will be at least entertaining.

Bitmob
September 03, 2010

Bryan: I could also do without overwrought storylines, but I don't have a problem with story-heavy games (in theory). But, yeah, I'd rather have minimal or no story than overwritten, faux-profound nonsense.

All that said, I'll still play Other M sooner or later.

Redeye
September 03, 2010

I am interested in playing this game just to see what I think of their handling of the character, but it does seem like the 'cudge instead of scalpel' thing seems like the most likely idea. though I've never seen anything nintendo does as being anything but vaugely sexist so I reserve judgement till I see the full result.

If I were to choose another character that would have made a solid template for samus i'd say Major Kusanagi from ghost in the shell. Hardened buisiness like, but opens up to people she cares about over time and isn't afraid to occasionally show emotion or trade in humor.

5211_100857553261324_100000112393199_12455_5449490_n
September 03, 2010

I also honestly find it humorous and double-standard-y, if you will, that this game and Samus are the focus of a sexism debate.  If I had a nickel for every shallow, self-centered crotch-grabbing, tobacco-spitting walking ad for steroids and Prozac macho man that graced a game, well, I'd be richer than the Sultan!

 

Attempt to delve into a character psyche with a WOMAN, and we've got a red light.

 

Methinks thou doth protest too much.  If you want to be offended, you'll be offended.  Doesn't matter how completely terrible or, honestly, fair and plausible, the characterization is... if you're looking to be offended, offense will find you.  Less QQ, more pew-pew.  

 

Because, honestly, this argument in and of itself is sexist as Hell.  "Samus.  Shut the fuck up and get back in the kitchen."  wherein the kitchen is a planet full of tentacle porn to be shot at.

Redeye
September 03, 2010

@Bryan LOL. Nice. That's an interesting way to put it sir. Sexism comes in all shapes and sizes. We have to be careful to not perpitrate it while trying to fight it.

Bitmob
September 03, 2010

Bryan: I can't tell if your criticisms are aimed at me, or at the wider debate. I'm definitely not saying that it's sexist to give Samus some flaws. In fact, I'm saying the exact opposite of that. If you mean the wider discussion, then I agree with you that there's something weird about wanting Samus to be a blank slate with no personality other than what the player imagines for her. Whether that's sexist or not depends on the individual's reasons for wanting her to be that way.

As for double standards, I pointed out that male characters are also poorly written way too often. Maybe you're just agreeing with what I wrote, but I read you as suggesting that I had missed that point. At any rate, you're right--we shouldn't get upset about Samus's treatment and turn a blind eye to Marcus Phoenix or Kratos.

I don't know where you get the idea that I'm looking for reasons to be offended, though. This whole piece is about considering the possibility that we SHOULDN'T be offended by the perceived sexism. Maybe we should be offended that games don't have better writers, but I'm not taking a position until I've actually played Other M.

5211_100857553261324_100000112393199_12455_5449490_n
September 03, 2010

@Cam: Oh, no, sorry... I was speaking in general, man, not at you.  This article was very well written-out and objective; I was referring to anyone who takes true, personal offense to what I was speaking of.  Didn't mean to put you on the spotlight at all.

Scott_pilgrim_avatar
September 04, 2010

Maybe I read Heppe's piece wrong, but it read to me like she had more of a problem with a badass chick taking orders from a guy she doesn't have to take orders from to show respect for him, even when it means death or waiting till the guys are ready to move on.

Frankly, when I read about that aspect of the game from the early reviews, the sexism alarms went off in my head before a connection between the two had been made my writers like Heppe.

Stoylogosmall
September 04, 2010

Honestly, this game is the first truly personal piece for Samus. In earlier additions, you didn't have much of a background story on her besides that she was a bounty hunter, and she killed aliens and metroids. In creating any story worth salt you have to give your main character flaws and some fraility, all while going through a story battling personal demons. It's Story Writing 101. It's unfair to women to peg this game as sexist, and I agree with Bryan's colorful comments by implying that this game is sexist is INEED a sexist comment.

Strong female characters in video games are tough to sell to the public these days, and it seems like Samus is another unfortunate victim of women breaking out into the field. Think of how many black main characters (playable mind you) there are in video games? How about hispanic main characters? And black main characters are supposedly portrayed as "the token black guy" (If I'm the only one that thinks Cole is the stereotypical black guy, then you all need to turn the sound up).

Holy crap I think I just brought up another debate.

Picture_002
September 04, 2010

Cole bothers me little at this point because I can point to quite a few other characters that offset him. To Rob's point, diversity of representations. And Cole does have an appeal, token as he may or may not be in the Gears universe. I'm friends with and related to quite a few black football athlete's which is Cole's background. He's as much a stereotype of a football lockerroom mentality as any stereotype of a race. There's an audience that relates to him as much as there is one that may find him problematic.

 

 

That said, isn't a load of diversity in playable main characters. Then again, there's isn't a wealth of deep ones either regardless of gender or race anyway to Bryan's crudely put point. Which begs the question in the title of the article

 

 

I've not touched Other M, so I can't speak it specifically.in terms of the quality of the story or characterization. From my reading, I've had the hardest time really grasping it anyway. And while I'd rather wait to experience the story before coming down on any side of debate on it in particular, if Ben's take on Heppe's piece is true it sounds like it catering to another shallowness in character; the badass. Again, I don't think I completely grasp the story at this point but the impression I'm getting of the attempt to characterize her seems as valid, if not more true to life, a telling of the mental battles of the "gifted elite" than the "I'm badass therefore I don't have to listen to you" fantasy people like to envision. The almost dumbfoundingly desperate pursuit of approval and to prove oneself is a fascinating commonality with many in that category that generally goes against most expectations. Which seems another common critique independent of the sexism issue; Heppe and many others seem particularly irked they didn't get their personal decades worth of projections validated through this game.

 

The reportedly clumsy execution may be a totally different animal altogether. If the story is technically as poorly crafted as some say, it probably invites some of the criticism.

Bitmob
September 05, 2010

Ben's right that Heppe's major issue was with Samus taking orders from (or "submitting to") a male authority figure. Re-reading her review though, I almost get the impression that what bothers her most isn't even the sexist overtones, but that she feels like Other M doesn't work given its place in the Metroid timeline. But expecting Nintendo to pay much attention to their games' timelines seems like wishful thinking.

 

All that said, Gerren's point about the pursuit of approval is even more interesting. Personally, I think the story of Samus, a life-long loner, going on a quest for the approval of the people whose job she seems to have been doing all these years, could be great. And in that context, it would be a lot harder to argue that her taking orders from a man was sexist. I'm getting uncomfortably close to fan fiction though, so I'll shut up now. :)

Dcswirlonly_bigger
September 08, 2010

I'm a good ways into Other M now and for the most part, I'm going to have to chalk this up to bad writing.

 

Throughout the game, Samus isn't portrayed as a helpless woman needing the power and approval from the men around her, she's portrayed as someone who is still coming to terms with her relationship with her mentor. Her loyalty to the character Adam isn't really portrayed as an enthrallment to a man, but rather a respect and acknowledgement that he probably is smarter than her and definitely more experienced.

 

If it weren't for the bad voice direction in this game and the heavyhanded-ness of the storytelling I'd probably be able to get with that. The only moment I've seen so far that felt truly off-character for Samus was when she first encountered Ridley in Other M where she is completely frozen in fear - despite the fact that this is the seventh time (counting the Prime games) that she's fought and defeated him.

 

The one thing that I definitely do have a problem with though is Samus' footwear while she's in the Zero Suit form:

 

 

If you can't see the picture, if you look really closely at her in the blue suit in-game, she's wearing six-inch heels.

Bitpro
September 08, 2010

I'm thinking real Metroid fans would probably be more interested in earning a 100% completion rate in Other M than debate stuff like this.

Jonathan
September 08, 2010

This entire debate actually makes me think of a different game for the Wii that truly changed the gender role perception in video games: "Sin and Punishment 2."

 

I'm going to have trouble explaining this, because I'm not supposed to give away the ending. However, let's just say that the female protagonist is not exactly who she seems. In fact, she may have manipulated her new "boyfriend" for her own purposes. But it's one of the more fascinating examples of how the gender roles are slowly changing in video games.

 

And I could go on and on about how "Phantasy Star 1" and "Final Fantasy" changed gender roles. But I think most of the worst examples of sexism can be attributed to very, very bad writing. I mean, we've seen it in all sorts of series, especially the fighting games of Team Ninja.

 

To tell the truth, a game doesn't need good writing to be necessarily good. However, it helps to make the game universe a little more believable. And with "Metroid: Other M," I'm hoping that Sakamoto wrote at least an acceptable story for the game.

 

I mean, I'm certainly not going to settle with goofy bare-nudity cutscenes that make very little sense, like in "Dead or Alive 3: Hardcore." Although it would be pretty funny to see all those pictures of Samus in swimsuits and various other scantily clad outfits.

N27502567_30338975_4931
September 08, 2010

@Ben: Agreed. The dynamic with her former superior is the primary, implicitly sexists issue with the game, though her being confronted by an enemy she has defeated 4 or 5 times before and literally turning into a terrified child who has to be saved by the heroic sacrifice of one of her male team mates is none-to-flattering, either.

There's nothing wrong with introducing flaws or trying to flesh out a character, but there's likewise nothing wrong with being critical of the specific direction taken for the character. In this case it seems pretty clear they made some awful choices that, intentional or not, place Samus in an unjustifiable state of submissiveness.

Robsavillo
September 08, 2010

I think the Brainy Gamer has said all there is left to say about this.

Default_picture
September 08, 2010

If you want a quick summary of the Other M issue, here it is: http://www.nerfnow.com/comic/372

If you're like me and read the Metroid prequel manga, you see Samus developing into a strong character. Now, I haven't played the game yet, but from what I heard, she seems to be absolutely derailed.

I don't think we should blame Sakamoto for making Samus seem like a submissive, whiny derailment of the bounty hunter we all know and love. Japan has historically been a misogynistic country, where their ideal kind woman is submissive, obedient, and willing to serve her husband and family. There are fictional works in Japan that have legitimately strong females, such as novels and manga by NisioIsin(Bakemonogatari), Nagaru Tanigawa(Haruhi Suzumiya), and Kenichi Sonoda(Gunsmith Cats) and anime by Hayao Miyazaki.

Default_picture
September 08, 2010

In my opinion, Metroid has gained it's logical storytelling devices in Prime. All of the scripture tossed about in the game were superbly written and gave a sense of the world and Samus. She was seen as a force to be reckoned with because she is a force to be reckoned with. At the same time, little touches like her groans and the reflection in her visor reminded you that this person was still a woman. Honestly, I'm not sure why this isn't enough. 

On top of this, Ridley was still large and foreboding without having Samus turn into a child. 

I agree with Rob SavilloUltimately, Other M's depiction of Samus is just tired and uninspired. Her nueroses would have a little more credibility if they were focused and concise. Instead Samus seems to be timid and second-guessing herself in every single situation even if its killing her or someone she cares about (Varia suit authorization, freezing up in front of Ridley, etc).

Tltwit
September 08, 2010

An excellent piece. I haven't played Other M yet, but now want to get into it more than ever if just to explore what has disappointed some critics.

 

I wonder if some of the reaction to this comes from people fearing the Samus portrayed here is now canon. Is it possible to see the game more as a director's interpretation, as flawed as it may be perceived? Silent Hill: Shattered Memories is a different take in that series, although it doesn't really try to fill in part of the history. It's also an example of a game with excellent plot direction, so maybe it's a bad example all around. I guess my overall question is, is it possible to hold the Samus of Other M at arm's length from the blanker Samus we all know?

Default_picture
September 08, 2010

I'm all for psychological development for game characters.  But making them seem like psychologically fragile little girls when they are actually alien killing badasses kind of smacks of sexism.  Also, the very fact that the story they chose to tell was basically a crappy love story from about 60s America also probably ticked off women in general.  Maybe in Japan this type of thing is fine.  But considering they are making a global product someone probably should have run this by, *gasp* an American or UK focus group.

   But as I've said before the horrible story probably doesn't hurt them at all because the target audience for this game is probably either 12 or 50.  In either case no one is taking the story terribly seriously. Lol...

Inceptionhallway
September 09, 2010

 

I guess everyone writes really LONG comments. Mine is simple. Characterization is almost always based on the character appealing to their intended audience. Team Ninja obviously failed to do so for Abbie Heppe as well as many others. Calling it sexist is a different story, but also would have to be based on Team Ninja's intent, which none of us actually know. Just because a character is weak and female, doesn’t mean it is sexist. 

Jonathan
September 09, 2010

btw, I saw some of the videos of the characters speaking in the game. Watched it on Nintendo channel. They were really awful and made me want to cry. lol.

 

However, when you consider how far the game has progressed since the first Metroid game, that is an achievement in itself. It sounds silly, but I'm impressed at how far the game has changed in its storyline. Yes, it has its flaws, but I think it's amazing that we've actually gotten to the point where we're debating Team Ninja's choices. I mean, if you look at the retrospective video, Samus used to be this boring, simple character we controlled to destroy aliens.

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